CentOS 编译安装 Python

http://qqbuby.github.io/python/2016/05/11/how-to-install-python-2.7-from-source-on-centos.html

• 为什么要升级到2.7
  因为python2.6无法安装工程所需要的一些第三方依赖库，比如psutil, pyinstaller等等

• 源码编译
  使用Python-2.7.13.tgz举例。

  yum install bzip2-devel zlib-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel tk-devel ncurses-devel  db4-devel gdbm-devel openssl-devel
  wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.13/Python-2.7.13.tgz
  tar xf Python-2.7.13.tgz
  ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python2.7 --enable-shared
  make
  make install

  (注：这里使用enable-shared选项是因为pyinstaller工具打包时需要python的动态链接库)

• 创建链接
  ln -sv /usr/local/python2.7/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python2.7

• 替换默认python

  rm /usr/bin/python
  ln -sv /usr/local/python2.7/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python

• 将python2.7的动态库添加到系统中
  vi /etc/ld.so.conf.d/python2.7.conf
  添加python2.7动态库的路径，/usr/local/python2.7/lib
ldconfig

• 修改yum首句默认python为2.6

  vi /usr/bin/yum
  #!/usr/bin/python2.6

• 安装完成，测试

  python --version

  export PYTHONPATH="/usr/local/python2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages"
  export PYTHON="/root/programs/python27"
  export NODEJS="/root/programs/node"
  export GOROOT="/root/programs/go"
  export GOPATH="/root/workspace/go"
  export PATH="$PATH:$GOROOT/bin:$NODEJS/bin:$PYTHON/bin"

• 安装setuptools(python setup.py install)
  setuptools

  wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/45/29/8814bf414e7cd1031e1a3c8a4169218376e284ea2553cc0822a6ea1c2d78/setuptools-36.6.0.zip#md5=74663b15117d9a2cc5295d76011e6fd1
  python2.7 setup.py install --prefix=/usr/local/python2.7

• 安装 pip(pip install xxx)
  pip

  wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/11/b6/abcb525026a4be042b486df43905d6893fb04f05aac21c32c638e939e447/pip-9.0.1.tar.gz#md5=35f01da33009719497f01a4ba69d63c9
  python2.7 setup.py install --prefix=/usr/local/python2.7

• 添加环境变量

  vi /etc/profile
  # 添加
  export PYTHON="/usr/local/python2.7"
  export PATH=$PATH:$PAPTH/bin

• 安装pyinstaller
  pip install pyinstaller
  安装完成后可能会出现pyinstaller命令找不到

• 为pyinstaller创建链接

  find / -name pyinstaller
  ln -sv /usr/local/python2.7/bin/pyinstaller /usr/bin/pyinstaller

• 验证
  libpython2.7.so.1.0

• pyinstaller 依赖的.spec文件说明
  pathex 工程路径
  datas['', ''] pkgutil.py的路径

使用pip安装mysqldb

python -m pip install mysql-python

这种安装是通过源码编译安装，需要Microsoft Visual C++ 9.0

使用get-pip.py安装

wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
python get-pip.py

使用已经编译好的模块安装

根据自己的环境下载已经编译好的mysqldb模块，双击安装即可